Sunday, June 26, 2016

Critique of "The Giver"

Arika J. Hawk

Professor Bomboy

Modern Culture and the Arts

26 June 2016
Critique of “The Giver”
            I have chosen to critique the movie The Giver, a movie inspired by the novel written by Lois Lowry in 1993. The movie was written by Michael Mitnick and Robert B. Weide, directed by Phillip Noyce, and has a release date of 2014. (IMDb) I chose to critique the way music and color portray the story in the movie.
            The story of The Giver was written to remind people to appreciate love and emotions. After tremendous war and destruction, a civilization is created where humans are expected to follow all rules, avoid physical contact with others outside of the “family unit,” never lie, and never ask questions beyond their need to complete their jobs/tasks. This civilization is built on an exiled mountain top where the “elders” control every aspect of life from climate, transportation, educations, language, clothing, job assignments, nutrition and exercise, and even vision in each person. (All members of the community see in black and white, none see color.) These rules are created to keep human emotion at bay so that war may be avoided at all costs; to keep peace within this small community. With all things controlled and all emotions avoided, war is no longer an issue, but in addition, humans lose the ability to feel all joyous, thrilling, and wonderful emotions such as love and compassion.
The Giver is about a young man, Jonas, who is selected to learn about all things past, so that he may give wisdom to “the elders” when a problem arises. As he discovers more about the past and all things he has lived without, he discovers that no one should live the way his community has be forced to live, even though they are all ignorant to all they are missing in life. This story is a reminder that with emotions, bad things may occur, but without them, we as humans lose the very thing that makes us human.
            Typically, directors and writers attempt to change the feel of the films with music and eye catching graphics. The Giver relies greatly on the graphics to portray the story, and also uses music to convey emotions. The music and color graphics go hand in hand in assisting in the story telling throughout the entire film. Due to the entire community seeing in only black and white, the film begins in black and white. The main character, Jonas, see things differently than the rest, but keeps this to himself. He is recognized as being different and is selected to become “The Receiver.” He is chosen for this because of his ability to “see beyond.” This seeing beyond allows him to see glimpses of color throughout his world. The opening scene is Jonas riding his bike down a path in a park. Everything is in black and white, but when Jonas looks up into the trees, it shows him seeing blurs of green from the leaves. This gives a hint of what is to come with the rest of the film.
            As Jonas begins his training as the receiver, his teacher, “The Giver” shows him a memory. In this memory, Jonas experiences everything in the first person. He is the sole keeper of this memory, so he experiences all the emotions that come with the memory. His first memory received is out in the woods as it is snowing, but still seeing everything in black and white. He instinctively sits on the sled and beings to push himself down-hill. As his speed accelerates, the music also increases. The soft piano and violins play and as Jonas beings feel the excitement, thrills, and fun, the music matches so the watcher may experience what Jonas feels as he fly’s down the hill. By the time he reaches the bottom, Jonas sees everything in color. The white snow, brown trees, green leaves on the evergreens, and the blue in the sky. Between the beginning of the sled ride and the end, Jonas sees more colors, thus experiencing more emotions. Once this memory is finished, he returns to seeing black and white.
            Within a few more training days, The Giver tries to expose more color to Jonas. As they are discussing items, Jonas mentions the color of his friend’s hair, which is red. The Giver then gives Jonas the memory of sailing in the sea as the sun is setting, and the screen lights up with vibrant shades of reds, oranges, and yellows. The director intentionally makes the memories as bright and colorful as possible in order to show the difference between feeling emotions and not feeling very little. As more memories are transferred to Jonas, the more color he is able to see throughout his daily life.
            Towards the end of Jonas’ training, he realizes that their way of life is wrong. Jonas says, “Because if you can’t feel, what’s the point?”  (Noyce) This is the point that both the author of the book, and the director of the movie are trying to convey, and were able to conquer completely. Without emotions, there is not point to living. Without color and music, so much of life is lost. We as humans take for granted what we see, hear and feel. With this film, we are reminded to embrace all emotions and fight to keep them. Emotions matter, and things that encourage emotions (such as music, color, and art) are just as important as feelings themselves.
                     




Works Cited
IMDb. The Giver (2014). 2016. Print. 26 06 2016.

The Giver. Dir. Phillip Noyce. Perf. Brenton Thwaites. 2014. Film.

Sunday, June 12, 2016

Arika Hawk
June 12, 2016
Professor Bomboy
HUM 101
Non-Western Art and
The art of the Eastern world is fascinating. Styles upon styles emerge from the many countries and cultures. With the melting pot mentality of the Western world, mainly the United States, the Eastern styles and cultures heavily influence day to day lives. Ancient art styles are always being rediscovered, redefined, and recreated. One famous Japanese style that you have more than likely seen is Ukiyo-e, “pictures of the floating world,” and the technique of Nishiki-e, “brocade picture”. This style of art was originally used to depict the texts of Buddhist scriptures and popular novels. The following paragraphs will describe the famous art piece titled “Takiyasha the Witch and the Skeleton Specter” from the story of Uto Yasutaka. Descriptions of the painting style, Ukiyo-e, the meaning behind the painting, the elements of the artwork, and my immediate reaction to seeing this painting are as follows.
Ukiyo-e is the process of using woodblocks to print colors and shapes onto paper or scrolls. This style of polychrome woodblock prints became popular between the 17th and 19th centuries. The main subjects of these prints were typically beautiful women, kabuki actors, sumo wrestlers, folk tales, historical depictions, landscapes, plant and wildlife, and also erotica. “Making woodblock prints was a  three-stage process: (1) painting a design with ink, (2) carving the design onto wooden blocks, and (3) applying colored ink to the blocks and pressing sheets of paper against the blocks. (Japan 1) Though there are famous print masters such as Suzuki Harunobu (1725-1770), each print was most likely a collaboration of four people: the designer, the engraver, the printer, and the publisher. (Art 1-3)
            One such print master was Utagawa Kuniyoshi (1798-1861). Kuniyoshi is famous for his depictions of history and mythology. His masterpiece “Takiyasha the Witch and the Skeleton Specter” can be seen hanging in the Honolulu Museum of Art in Honolulu, Hawaii. The painting was donated by Victor S.K. Houston in 1941 in honor of his wife’s passing. The print is a depiction of a scene from a novel titled the Story of Uto Yasutaka, written by Santo Kyoden. In the novel, Princess Takiyasha, daughter to the warlord Taira Masakado, gains magical powers from a mountain hermit to form a conspiracy against her father’s killer, Oya Taro Mitsukuni. A giant skeleton emerges from a dark void, crashing through the palace blinds, attacking Mitsukuni and his companion. (Beretania 1)
            A beautiful depiction of a macabre act, the use of flat lines to separate the changing of colors is a perfect representation of the Ukiyo-e method. Using the blending of different shades of the same color, each color is sharply contrasted by a well-defined, flat line. Another prominent depiction of Ukiyo-e is the use of a strange swooping angle with little attempt to show a 3-D setting. In addition, the texture in the painting comes directly from woodblocks and paper, rather than Kuniyoshi using the paint to create the texture. The contrast of light and dark drastically draws the looker’s eye to the characters of the scene; along with the colors versus the empty white, which emphasizes the more humanly features versus otherworldly. The darker background around the skeleton and also the humans comparted to the color painted into the humans clothing creates a focal point, which is the humans themselves. The crumbling of the blinds creates a swooping affect that also draws the eye to the two humans in the center, as well as the woman who is off to the side, looking down to the men in the middle. It is clear that Kuniyoshi wanted the men fighting off this unhuman entity to be the focal point of the painting.
            After seeing this painting, my initial reaction was “hmm, this is awfully cool looking.” It immediately peaked my interest. The skeleton caught my eye and made me want to know more about what exactly was happening. At first glance, I assumed the skeleton was a representation of death, and those below and around him were about to meet their own deaths. After doing some research, I discovered I was not too far off from the truth. The woman, however, was not about to face her death, instead, she was casting death onto the other two men. She wanted gain vengeance on the man for the death of her father, and anyone who worked with this man. In addition of the meaning behind the painting, the textures and the colors caught my eye. I have always found the Asian style of paintings to be fascinating. The use of the black and the contrast of the whites and grey was simple, but attention grabbing. With the splashes of color in the clothing and the drapes, the colors were used brilliantly.
            The painting of “Takiyasha the Witch and the Skeleton Specter” is a wonderful example of ancient Japanese artwork. The use of the woodwork and the paint is a genius way to take an already masterful painting, and punch it to the next level, to grab and keep the viewer’s attention. From the color and texture contrast, to the interesting background story, this painting has earned its spot hanging in the walls of any museum.

 
Takiyasha the Witch and the Skeleton Specter



Works Cited

Art, Department of Asia. Woodblock Prints in the Ukiyo-e Style. 10 2003. Print. 11 06 2016.
Beretania, Honolulu. Takiyasha the Witch and the Skeleton Specter from the Story of Uto Yasutaka. 2014. Print. 11 06 2014.
Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affiars of. What Is Ukiyo-e? n.d. Print. 11 06 2016.



Sunday, June 5, 2016

Classical Greek Architecture Found in Harrisburg

Arika J. Hawk
Professor Bomboy
Modern Culture and the Arts
5 June 2016
Classical Greek Architecture Found in Harrisburg
            The city of Harrisburg may be known for being the capital of Pennsylvania, but it also has a historically based architectural side in many of its buildings. One of the biggest tourist sites in Harrisburg is The Forum Auditorium (or the Forum, for short), which is located on 500 Walnut Street, Harrisburg Pennsylvania, 17120.  (Services 1) The Harrisburg Forum Auditorium “is an event venue located adjacent to the Pennsylvania State Library in the Capitol Complex. The historic venue was built between 1929 and 1931 in the style of an open-air Greek amphitheater used to host concerts, public meetings, government events, and lectures. (Services 1) The following paragraphs will explain the connections between the Forum Auditorium and Classical Greek architecture.
            Gloria K. Fiero, an author with a Masters in Art History and PH.D. in Interdisciplinary Humanities writes “The words ‘classic’ and ‘classical’ are commonly used to mean ‘first-rate’ and ‘enduring.’ They also describe a style [that] dominated the art of ancient Greece [who] provided a standard of beauty and excellence that was preserved and imitated for centuries.” (Fiero 114) The Classical Style portrayed in ancient Greece set way for a new era of arts, literature, philosophy, and education. Unlike most cultures before them, the Greeks saw their gods as family; immortals that interacted with humans on day to day life. With this new way of thinking, the human body became more accepted in paintings, statues, and other forms of art. The Greek Olympic Games were designed to honor the gods by providing a form of entertainment to encourage relaxation from daily struggles. Much like the Olympic Games, theatrical performances were given to provide entertainment while still honoring the gods. These plays were conducted twice a year instead of every four years like the Olympic Games. Instead of sporting events, dramas and tragedies were preformed to describe “the relationship between the individual, the community, and the gods.” (Fiero 90)
The performances involved either tragedy with death and sacrifices, or comedies depicted through rebirth and celebrations. “The great theater at Epidaurus was dedicated to Asclepius, the god of medicine.” (Fiero 90) (See figure 01) It is believed that hundreds of plays were preformed during the century, but only forty-four have survived to current day. The theater itself was structured as an “open-air theater(s) built into the hillsides, at sacred sites throughout Greece. These acoustically superb structures, which seated between 13,000 and 27,000 people, featured an orchestra, a skene (an area that functioned as a dressing room), and an alter dedicated to the god Dionysus” (Fiero 91) The theater was designed in a semi-circular layout with the alter in the center of the semi-circle, where the gods would be seated, shared with the orchestra. (See figure 02) Around the circle, seats were placed and as they expanded out, the seating quality lowered. The flat side of the semi-circle was where the stage, skene, and ramp was placed. This allowed for the entire audience to see the performance, regardless of seating location. The structure of the Epidaurus has been copied throughout history, and is the design that was used in the building of The Forum Auditorium located in Harrisburg, PA.
Figure 01: Epidaurus, Theater Built in Classical Greece
Figure 02: Epidaurus Layout
The Forum Auditorium greatly resembles the theater at Epidaurus. The interior of the theater contains a central stage with a semi-circular seating pattern, elevating up as the seats move back and out from the stage, almost identical to that of Epidaurus. The architects, William Gehron and Sidney Ross, went with this seating arrangement because of the efficiency and purpose for the Greek theaters. (See figures 03-04) “Both theaters and temples functioned as public meeting places.” (Fiero 123) The architects built the Forum to encourage the arts and humanities throughout the community, but also honoring the heritage of the art community at the same time. What a better way to honor the founders of theater than creating a replica of their buildings. The semi-circular seating also provides ample hearing and for the entire audience.
Figure 03: The Forum Auditorium Seating, Side View

Figure 04: The Forum Auditorium Seating
The exterior of the Forum is just as artistically advanced and impressive as the interior. Surrounding the entrance of the auditorium are fourteen bronze and glass doors designed by Lee Oskar Lawrie, each approximately twelve feet high, by three feet six inches wide, by one and three quarter inches thick. (See figures 05-08) Each door is engraved with unique figures, symbols, and actions. Some of the symbols include the portrait of Socrates and Archimedes demonstrating his level. Socrates was “Athens’ foremost philosopher” (Fiero 101) and is known for changing the way of Greek thinking from following set doctrines designed by the gods, and “employed a rigorous question-and-answer technique known as the dialectical method.” (Fiero 102) The dialectical method began a new pattern of thinking of questioning everything instead of accepting it at face value which then eventually leading to new scientific, mathematical, and medical breakthroughs.
Figure 05: The Forum Auditorium Exterior Door
Figure 06: The Forum Auditorium Exterior Door Art

Figure 07: The Forum Auditorium Exterior Door Art

Figure 08: The Forum Auditorium Exterior Door Art

            In conclusion, the Forum Auditorium in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania bases the majority of its architecture and artistic designs from the Classical Greece period in history. Not only is this building a gorgeous salute to history and our forefathers, but it is also a great door opener to encourage the study of arts, history, and theater. The building hosts a majority of events and encourages generation after generation to remain intact with their artistic side. This building is one example of countless buildings around the world inspired by the Classical Greek style and design.


Works Cited
Department of General Services, PA.Gov. The Forum Auditorium. n.d. Print. 03 06 2016.
Fiero, Gloria K. The Humanistic Tradition Vol. I. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2015. Print.
Services, SP+ Municipal. Park Harrisburg. 2016. Print. 03 06 2016.

Works, Hyperion. History of Astrology. 2016. Print. 03 06 2016.